考研英语英译汉难句分类辨析之倒装句
倒装句是指将句子中的主语和谓语动词调换位置,以达到强调、修辞或满足特定语法要求的目的。在英语中,倒装句主要分为完全倒装和部分倒装两种类型。
完全倒装句是将整个谓语动词短语放在主语之前,常见的情况包括:
1. 在以副词或介词短语开头的句子中,例如:
"Out came a cat from under the bed."
"Up went the balloon into the sky."
2. 在以否定词开头的句子中,例如:
"Not only does she speak English fluently, but she also writes it very well."
"Never have I seen such a beautiful sunset."
3. 在以修饰词或短语开头的句子中,例如:
"Tired of waiting, did he decide to leave."
"Hardly had she finished her presentation when the applause started."
部分倒装句是将助动词或情态动词和主语之间的顺序颠倒,一般出现在以下几种情况下:
1. 在以否定词开头的句子中,例如:
"He cannot swim, nor can his brother."
"They did not go to the party, nor did their friends."
2. 在以“so”或“neither/nor”引导的句子中,表示同样的情况或意见,例如:
"He likes swimming, and so do I."
"She doesn't eat meat, and neither does her sister."
3. 在以"only"表达部分否定的句子中,例如:
"I only invited my close friends, not everyone."
4. 在以“here/there”开头的句子中,强调地点,例如:
"Here comes the bus!"
"There goes the train!"
需要注意的是,倒装句的使用并不是一定必要的,而是根据语境和表达的需要来决定。在翻译时也要注意恰当地表达句子的含义,并遵循汉语表达习惯。
下一篇:考研英语翻译答题技巧